Resilient and Adaptive Semiconductor Supply Chains: Integrating Risk Management, Digital Twins, and Strategic Reconfiguration

Abstract

The semiconductor industry has emerged as a critical backbone of modern technology, underpinning applications from consumer electronics to defense systems. Recent disruptions, ranging from global financial crises to pandemic-induced shortages, have exposed vulnerabilities in global semiconductor supply chains, emphasizing the need for resilience, adaptability, and strategic reconfiguration. This study synthesizes existing research on supply chain risk management, digital twin integration, and post-pandemic strategic shifts to provide a comprehensive framework for enhancing semiconductor supply chain resilience. Through an extensive literature-based approach, the paper examines quantitative and qualitative risk management models, supply chain visibility mechanisms, and the role of emerging regulations, such as the European Union Chips Act, in reshaping value chains. Additionally, it evaluates the feasibility of reshoring strategies for high-tech production, including graphics processing units (GPUs), to strengthen domestic and regional manufacturing capabilities. The study highlights the importance of integrating multiple theoretical perspectives, such as operations management, production planning, and strategic policy analysis, to mitigate risks and optimize performance. The findings suggest that adopting digital twin technologies, enhancing transparency, and employing robust risk assessment methodologies are critical for maintaining operational continuity and competitive advantage. Furthermore, the analysis underscores the interplay between industrial policy, strategic sourcing, and global-local supply chain trade-offs, offering a multidimensional understanding of resilience in turbulent and uncertain environments. This work contributes to both theoretical advancement and practical policy formulation, providing actionable insights for managers, policymakers, and researchers seeking to design robust, adaptive, and sustainable semiconductor supply chains in an era of unprecedented disruption.