Integrating Building Information Modeling for Accurate Quantity Take-Off and Cost Estimation: Ontological, Processual, and Professional Perspectives

Abstract

Building Information Modeling has progressively transformed the practices of quantity take-off and cost estimation in construction projects by introducing data-rich, model-based workflows that promise greater accuracy, transparency, and efficiency than traditional methods. Despite widespread adoption of BIM tools across design and construction phases, persistent challenges remain related to semantic consistency, modeling guidelines, professional roles, and the reliability of automated quantity extraction. This research develops a comprehensive and theoretically grounded examination of BIM-based quantity take-off and cost estimation by synthesizing insights from empirical case studies, ontological approaches, professional practice analyses, and methodological frameworks documented in the existing literature. Drawing strictly on prior academic and professional references, the study explores how BIM-enabled quantity take-off systems operate across tendering, design development, infrastructure, and facilities management contexts. Particular attention is given to the role of software platforms such as Autodesk Revit and Cubicost, ontology-driven algorithms for reinforced concrete quantities, and emerging integrations with sustainability and early-stage decision-making processes. The methodological approach of this research is qualitative and interpretive, relying on structured literature analysis to trace conceptual linkages, methodological evolution, and professional implications. Findings indicate that while BIM significantly reduces human-induced errors and enhances coordination between design and cost information, its effectiveness is contingent upon modeling discipline, semantic clarity, and the evolving competencies of quantity surveyors. The discussion highlights theoretical implications for construction informatics, identifies limitations inherent in current BIM-based quantity take-off practices, and outlines future research directions focusing on semantic healing, interdisciplinary collaboration, and lifecycle-oriented cost intelligence. The study concludes that BIM-based quantity take-off is not merely a technological shift but a paradigmatic transformation in how construction quantities, costs, and professional responsibilities are conceptualized and managed.